Main Ideas

3. What steps did Pericles take to strengthen democracy in Athens?
To strengthen the democracy, Pericles increased the number of public offices who were paid salaries
Direct democracy: power is in the hands not of a minority but of the whole people
In Athens, male citizens who served in the assembly established all the important government policies that affected the polis

4. What were the battle strategies of Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian War?
Athens: avoid land battles with the Spartan army and wait for a opportunity to strike Sparta and its allies from the sea
Sparta: march into Athenian territory and swept over the countryside, burning the Athenian food supply.

5. Why do you think some Athenians found the ideas of Socrates so disturbing?
Because Socrates encouraged Greeks to go farther and question themselves and their moral character, forced people to think about their values and actions, which was different from traditional ways of life (corrupting the youth of Athens and neglecting the city's gods)