Warring City-States Notes

The bodies of water surround Greece
Important to know and locate
- Aegean Sea
- Ionian Sea
- Adriatic Sea (north of the Ionian Sea)
- Peloponnesus
- Athens
- Sparta
- Crete
- Asia Minor
- Macedonia

Syrians usually traveled to Greece by boat
Greece needed to import many things
Only 20% countries had arable land

Some early people, first Mycenaeans
Began in 2000 B.C. and ruled Peloponnesus
Protected the country by building a big wall (20-foot)
King dominated Greece (1600-1100 B.C.) and controlled the trade
↓ when they took over a place, they asked people to do what they usually did
→ did have to change their language
→ less likely fight back or reclaim land

Trojan War (fact or fiction)
Most of stories were made up but the fight really exist
Paris chose Aphrodite to be the fairest goddess and made her get the apple. Then Aphrodite made Helen who was the wife of Trojan king fall in love with him in order to thank him.
Trojan horse

Sea People and Dorians
In 1200 B.C. Dorians invaded Mycenae and destroyed their cities
- far less advanced
- did not know how to write
- did not want to trade with other people
Homer: blind storyteller, composed the story of Trojan War, went to many towns to teach people these two stories
The Iliad and The Odyssey (12,110 lines)
No one knows if Homer really existed

Terms
Polis: fundamental unit, made up a city → politics (affairs of the cities)
Monarchy: ruled by the king (not queen) → father-son/brother
Aristocracy: ruled by a group of nobles
Oligarchy: ruled by some wealthy people who were not satisfied with aristocracy and took over
Tyrant: seized control by appealing to the common people for support