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Theatre

1. Theatre buildings were called a theatron. The theaters were large, open-air structures constructed on the slopes of hills. They consisted of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene, and the audience.
2. Orchestra - A large circular or rectangular area at the center part of the theatre, where the play, dance, religious rites, acting used to take place.
3. Skene - A large rectangular building situated behind the orchestra, used as a backstage.

History

1. The Greek theatre history began with festivals honoring their gods.
2. Dionysus, the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, was honored with a festival called by "City Dionysia".
3. In Athens, during this festival, men used to perform songs  in the Theatre of Dionysus to welcome the god.

The Theatre of Dionysus

1. The Greeks invented drama and built the first theatre of the world in Athens. This theatre was the Theatre of Dionysus. It is a major open-air theatre and one of the earliest preserved in Athens.
2. The Theatre of Dionysus could seat 17,000 spectators.

Drama

1. Athens was the main center for these theatrical traditions. Athenians spread these festivals to its numerous allies in order to promote a common identity.
2. At the early Greek festivals, the actors, directors, and dramatists were all the same person. After some time, only three actors were allowed to perform in each play. Later few non-speaking roles were allowed to perform on-stage.
3. Due to limited number of actors allowed on-stage, the chorus evolved into a very active part of Greek theatre. Music was often played during the chorus' delivery of its lines.

Costumes and Masks

1. The actors were so far away from the audience that without the aid of exaggerated costumes and masks, they would be difficult to see.
2. The masks were made of linen or cork, so none have survived. Tragic masks carried mournful or pained expressions, while comic masks were smiling or leering.
3. The shape of the mask amplified the actor's voice, making his words easier for the audience to hear.